1. Expectancy Theory
The first is the Expectancy Theory. Given by Victor Harold Vroom in 1964, according to this theory, the motivation of a person to do a task depends upon the expectation of the person with the result. The chances of achieving the result of the task are low, the motivation to do the task will also be low.
For example, suppose your school or college tells you that the person who’ll get the first rank in the class will get a reward of ₹1 million, will you get motivated to study hard? Will you work to get the 1st rank? If you are someone that scores high in your class, and you know that you are always in the top 10, you know that you have a high chance to win this prize money. If so, you will study as diligently as you can, and will start working immediately to get the 1st rank.
But if you are someone, that lags behind in class, you don’t get good marks, and rank in the bottom, and you know there are more diligent and intelligent students in class, then you know that you have a low chance of winning the prize money. And so your motivation to study will be low as well.
There is a direct relation of the level of your motivation to the expectancy of the result.
Motivational Force(MF) = Expectancy X Instrumentality X Valence
